Understanding Martindale ratings for upholstery fabric
The Martindale rating describes a fabric’s resistance to abrasion under standardised test conditions. A higher figure generally indicates greater resistance to rubbing, but it does not guarantee stain resistance, scratch resistance, colour fastness or the overall lifespan of an upholstery fabric.
What does the test measure?
In the Martindale test, fabric is repeatedly rubbed against a specified abrasive material. The result is expressed as the number of abrasion cycles achieved under the relevant test conditions.
Interpret the rating for the intended use
Decorative applications require a different level of durability from sofas, dining chairs or contract furniture used every day. Use the Martindale rating together with the technical specifications and intended application of the particular fabric.
Martindale is not the whole story
Pilling, tear strength, seam performance, colour fastness, care requirements and weave structure are separate properties. A bouclé fabric with high abrasion resistance can still be more prone to snagging because of open loops. Velvet may show directional changes in the pile and light without being technically worn.
Choosing for your project
For frequently used furniture, consider cleanability, structure and care as well as abrasion resistance. A compact weave may be more practical around pets. Commercial or public-space projects may also have additional requirements such as fire-performance standards.
Compare the complete product specifications rather than relying on a single number. A fabric sample also helps you assess feel, texture and colour.
